|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chag sameach! Let the light shine every day of your life.
|
|
|
This week I have selected for you to discover:
|
- New article: A Primer on Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)
- 5 Mini-Circuits products
I hope you will enjoy the read and look forward to be of further assistance to you.
|
As always, please feel free to contact us with any questions you may have.
|
|
|
|
|
|
MCDI continues to provide full-service despite the current situation, handling proposals, orders, and professional engineering support through all channels, including personal meetings.
|
Shipments
Most airlines have ceased their flights to Israel, the remaining available flights (local carriers) are prioritized for critical supplies, leading to a severe lack of available cargo space and delays. The delays are due to force majeure and we are doing our utmost best to minimize them as much as possible.
|
We recommend checking your current orders and expediting (where possible) your requested delivery dates. We are at your disposal to expedite shipments as much as possible to ensure their timely delivery. Contact us, and we will be happy to assist with any questions or concerns.
|
As always, we are here for you.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
While other modulation schemes discussed in this blog series (pulse, frequency, amplitude, phase) date back to the early chapters of RF engineering history, quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) was first described by C. R. Cahn in 19602 and evolved steadily over the next few decades. In the last 25 to 30 years, no modulation scheme has seen such widespread development and application as QAM. The technology has played a pivotal role in the industry’s ability to scale data speed and capacity with user demand by packing more data onto the carrier waveform and pushing a fixed channel bandwidth closer to Shannon’s limit. QAM modulation is used widely in cellular networks and backhaul, CATV networks and fixed wireless access points (802.11), and satellite communications to name a few. See Table 3 in Reference for a more detailed list of applications.
|
|
In this article, we describe QAM using basic mathematics and illustrate how a QAM modulator operates. We introduce the concept of a constellation diagram and how it relates to the time domain plots for QAM modulation. A representative set of components is then utilized to design a functional QAM modulator by way of illustration. We conclude by describing how the QAM signal is demodulated at the receiver.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mini-Circuits’ ZHL-2425-250X+ is a new generation solid-state connectorized high-power amplifier module that can be used in a wide range of industrial, scientific, and medical applications in the 2400-2500 MHz ISM band. The ZHL-2425-250X+ provides many advantages over traditional magnetrons, such as a longer lifespan, greater frequency tuning, better frequency stability, precise control of output power, and lower power supply voltage. This rugged amplifier is capable of amplifying signals (CW & pulsed) from 1W to 300W output power with built-in monitoring and protection for temperature, current, forward power, and reverse power.
|
The amplifier has internal shutdown circuitry and integrated protection functions for added reliability under difficult operating conditions, making it virtually impossible to destroy both in single and multi-channel systems. The basic amplifier can be controlled externally with a few logic inputs or through a user-friendly I2C control interface to monitor forward and reflected power to support dynamic load analysis, temperature, current, shutdown alarms, enabling the PA, and for resetting protection alarms. For advanced mode, users may consult the factory for more in-depth amplifier control commands, access to FWD/REFL power coefficients, and protection overrides.
|
APPLICATIONS
The ZHL-2425-250X+ amplifier module can be used as a building block in any single or multi-channel system for high-power RF Energy applications such as:
• Industrial heating
• Materials processing
• Food processing (heating, tempering, and pasteurization)
• Microwave-assisted chemistry
• Plasma generation
• Plasma surface treatment
• Disinfection
• Chemistry
• RF-excited lasers
• Medical (heating, hyperthermia, and ablation)
• Semiconductor RF generators
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SMT Low Noise Amplifier
10 MHz - 4 GHz
|
|
|
|
|
Mini-Circuits’ TAV1-331NM+ is a MMIC D-pHEMT* transistor with an operating frequency range from 10 to 4000MHz. This model combines high gain with extremely low noise figure, resulting in lower overall system noise. Low NF and high OIP3 performance make it an ideal choice for sensitive receivers in communications systems. Manufactured using highly repeatable D-pHEMT* technology, the unit comes housed in …
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LTCC SMT Band Pass Filter
7.5 - 8.8 GHz, 50Ω
|
|
|
|
|
BFHKI-8501+ is a miniature low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) ultra-high stopband rejection band pass filter with a 7.5 to 8.8GHz passband that supports a variety of applications. This model achieves 33dB typical stopband rejection up to 25GHz, when mounted on coplanar waveguide layouts. Housed in a small 4.95mm by 3.65mm ceramic form factor, the filter is ideal for dense signal …
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lumped LC Band Pass Filter
350 - 390 MHz, 50Ω
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LTCC SMT High Pass Filter
15.3 - 30 GHz
|
|
|
|
|
Mini-Circuits’ HFCU-1482+ is a miniature low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) high pass filter with a 15.3 to 30GHz passband that supports a variety of applications. This model provides 2.1dB typical insertion loss over a wide band, due to its rugged monolithic construction. Housed in a 1812 ceramic form factor, this filter is ideal for dense signal chain PCB layouts, where …
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LTCC Low Pass Filter
DC - 360 MHz, 50Ω
|
|
|
|
|
Mini-Circuits’ LFCG-360+ is a miniature low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) low pass filter with a DC to 360 MHz passband supporting a variety of applications. This model provides 0.9 dB typical insertion loss over a wide band due to its rugged monolithic construction. Housed in an 0805 ceramic form factor which is ideal for dense signal chain PCB layouts where …
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tel: 03-7988118
Mobile: 054-4600801
|
|
|
Tel: 03-6736696
Mobile: 054-2008813
|
|
|
|
Our Engineering Team is here to help you!
|
MCDI, Mini-Circuits Exclusive Representative in Israel, hosts a professional team of Application Engineers with decades of experience. Our Engineers are here to assist with identifying the products that are just right for you, advise on correct setups and solutions. They are just a phone call or an email away and also will be delighted to meet you at your location throughout Israel. You may call them directly by clicking on their picture or visit our support page.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
